1. Introduction
Vitamin D is an essential nutrient that is not synthesized by the body and has to be obtained through diet and by the interaction of the UVB rays with the skin (Shuler et al. 2012, p. 496). A study on the levels of vitamin D in an average British adult showed that more than 50% of the adults had vitamin D deficiency and 16% of them exhibit severe insufficiency during winters (Hyppönen and Power 2007, p. 862). This low level of vitamin D synthesis in winter is attributed to the blockage of UVB rays reaching the
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