Free Book Review On Major Wars Becoming Obsolete

SCOPE:

The topic in this book is just more than academic interest. Currently, people often meditate upon great variation that has taken place in Europe over the past centuries. A remarkable sign of unease exists, and this keeps people wondering whether the changes are for better or worse. Will Germany as a notorious country continue to groom nuclear forces? If so, how will the international stability be maintained?
The book to be reviewed is among the important books in history and gives the world its basic history about World War and the world’s great dictators who held the helms of the world at their feet. From the book the audience will be able to know how different things came to happen and the problems that the local people face when the great powers face a crisis.

THESIS:

Retreat from Doomsday: The Obsolescence of Major War written by John Mueller is one of the most paramount works as far as its presentation is concerned. Mueller remarkably points out that in the course of the past years; there has been a slow but sure turning point in western countries to a sense of peace. Although this drive to a peaceful world was slow, World War I fastened this process tremendously. This whole event would have put an end to war in Europe if not for one man, Adolf Hitler whom his effort alone almost initiated a major war II of that time On the other hand; Far East met the war as a result of participation of Japanese Elites who never put back their old habit of waging war. They initiated World War II. By 1945, every country in the world had experienced the negative impact of war except one stubborn man Hitler. No one ever wanted war much as there were still disagreements between the Soviet Union and the West.

ARGUMENTS:

John Mueller’s argument centers on the theory of warfare from a cultural perspective. According to John Mueller, rebellion is just a concept. War is brought about by the campaign for it but when rebellious acts are ignored, peace prevails. Peace would have been had since 1945 even with no nuclear weapons because none would have desired to have World War II .Taking the example of Holland and Switzerland, countries which dropped war. The dropping of Holland and Switzerland was a great sign of the war reaching its end. It is important to note that when great nations are united they achieve more but when divisions come among them then they face dangers in their progress.
Without any question, various changes were observed in this century in respect to the way people think about war. Unlike before 1914 where people hunger for war, the case was not in existence by 1918 and currently not there nowadays. A lot has changed, but transformation has not been perfected the way Mueller makes it in his argument. After World War I, the whole developed countries left war in imitation of Holland as a country that never entertained war (PAGE 58). By the breakup of World War II, almost all European countries had denounced war with Poland and Germany as the only countries willing to fight. Finland fought with her neighbor Soviet Union in 1939-40. What however shocked many was the involvement of Switzerland in the Second World War, a country that had long withdrawn from the war.
Looking at the current issue on the ground, Mueller does not seem to debate that even the smallest states advocated a peaceful state with Holland as a founding member of NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization). Military establishments were formed by Switzerland and Sweden. The major question at hand is states were under any circumstances in support of the war. Although many countries decided not to continue the war after World War I, it was not successfully as predicted by Mueller. For example, if you take the case of United States as a point of reference, Mueller accepts that in 1941. Americans had to devise means to persuade Japan forcefully reduce instead of keeping dangerous weapons to be used in war even if this would incite an act of war. Much as the validity of this truth has been concealed in his reasoning; it is highly questionable that Japan was automatically not wanted because it was not good enough in 1941. The basic point of debate was that there was no proper system of administration besides the war like system.
At the time of remarkable economic, political and military tension between the United States and Soviet Union, the US had lost moral in inciting war with the RSSR. In Mueller’s reasoning, he explains that in the Korean War, small wars of such kind were dodged in many parts of the world because of the threats they impose on the economy (PAGE 130-131). In the presence of such danger, it would show clearly that none of the sides pulled out of the rebellious system.
According to Mueller’s argument about the breakup of World War II in Europe. The general turning point for inciting war after a quite in the post-world War, I period was based on Hitler’s personality in initiating the Second World War. According to Mueller’s findings, he claims that one man Hitler was responsible for initiating violence of which in the real scenario is never possible .Another hypothesis that Mueller came with was that World War II was invited by the Germans in their intention to control non-Germans Lands and that Hitler initiated the deal.
The stability of the economic, political and military tension between the United States and Soviet Union might have been the key determinant of the nuclear revolution. It could still have an outstanding mark of peace and prosperity to other states that might take reform. To be specific, in case of German’s Union as a super power, and East Central Europe becoming a conducive environment for the conflict between Russia and Germany. How powerfully would German and Russia meet their interest in the area that would be stumbling grounds for nuclear weapons? A serious violence in the status quo would be out of reasoning and hence economic changes would be of no use as a foundation for developments that are unreachable. In contrary, the possession of such areas of importance for a protective agenda. That is to say, the gap between Russia and Germany would gradually decrease in importance. Many nuclear fans make protective effort to guard state boundary simple. How can the peace in the global system be discussed? And how come the nations with high industrialization are more peaceful than the rest. However, a number of people think that nuclear weapons contribute to the peacefulness of a country but Mueller disapproves them vigorously. He however, explains that nuclear are not important in the narration. The conflict in the weapons never altered any habit. Arms themselves are as a result of conflict and the attitude towards conflicts, not their cause. (Page 245). The change in traditional factor is a non-dependent variable. It is an assumption that there exist two explanations such that if nuclear conflicts were not of value, the cause of great power stability should be traditional in nature. The key to peace might be political. American and Soviet power equalized with each other so much that there exist no threat.
In reaction to the author’s idea of convincing the whole population that one man single-handedly turned up the Second World War. It something imaginary according to me because first there is nothing that holds water in that statement.
The similar basic arrangement, and, therefore, the same basic strength, would have been in existence even if there were no nuclear weapons. Mueller, in fact, draw closer to giving an argument alongside these lines, but to the degree that this interpretation is right. It is significant to note first, that the argument is not about change of attitudes towards war, and, second, that--as we have all realized to our astonishment over the past year--political arrangements can transform swiftly, and that a few are a good deal to a lesser extent stable.

REVIEWS:

Twenty-five years ago, when A.J.P. Taylor alleged that the standard explanation of the beginning of the Second World War was to hold responsible Hitler. It was not hard to suppose that he was attacking a straw man. The principal diplomatic historians at that time--Raymond Sontag, for example--had taken effort to detach themselves from the view that things were that easy. Historians have all the time placed a good deal of stress on structural factors--on Germany's natural strength, and the relative lack of strength and the disunity of the forces that may have been against her. The structural dispute was often connected to allegations about the stability of German foreign policy from the Kaiser Reich through Weimar and on into the period of Nazi. It was of course known that statesmen were different in terms of how quick and how distant they were willing to go, but Germany in the first half of this century was in no way contented with the status quo. Even the principal statesmen of the Weimar era understood the significance of military power in bringing about basic transformation in the system. Military force--the danger of force if probable, the real use of force if necessary--was not at all ruled out in principle as a mechanism of policy. The specter of armed disagreement was an acknowledged part of global political life.

CONCLUSION:

As I concluded the book, the complete picture of how the world peace was at last re-established came into my mentality.
In thinking in regard to stability, political concerns remain essential: their future importance will remain the same as it has been in the past. Another quite important side of the story is the military: the nuclear revolution is not to be considered as "irrelevant." But as for cultural growths, their function is not to be overstated. In fact, it is possibly risky to do so. To dispute that main war is outdated because of a drastic shift in principles inevitably gives a suggestion that there is no point in taking political issues seriously. Therefore, it is not necessary to worry about the steadiness of worldwide political life since the war in the developed world has turned out to be, in with reference to Mueller's phrase, "rationally unthinkable.” “Great authority politics might for the time being have reduced, but it is improbable that even in our existence it is ever going just to discontinue. As long as global politics is in existence, and as long as mighty countries have not been completely changed to pacifism. The likelihood of war has to be reckoned with, and accountable foreign guiding principle cannot be put on the assumption necessary for change. The people's attitude has been so significant that the jeopardy of a major armed battle is no longer worth disturbing about the war. The book ends by assuring the inhabitants of the world the end of some catastrophes that get the world by surprise. The author of the book framed it in the most understandable way to attract readers and to make more sales.

Bibliography

Cattitudes: Irresistibly Original, Elegant, and Humorous, Attitudes Features Over 70 Water- Color Illustrations. By: Roberts, Victoria. Imagine Publishing 2014
John Mueller, Retreat from Doomsday: The Obsolescence of Major War (1989)
Review of John Mueller, Retreat from Doomsday: The Obsolescence of Major War. New York: Basic Books, 1989.