Theoretical Framework
The value of the criminal theories of rotten apple and orchards is that the former refers to cases when separate officers go deviant and practice favoritism in expectation of reward in exchange for private services like the on-duty protection of private businesses while the latter refers to the systematic level of corruption affecting departments. Systematic is observable in the case of African American officers reporting racial prejudice and discrimination by the white majority who are used to favoring officers of the same ethnic descent. Officers who embrace the corrupt practice tend to contaminate white newcomers who often develop the Continue reading...