Sample Essay On Effects Of Smoking On The Central Nervous System

The article “Drug and Alcohol Dependence” explores the interesting relationship between smoking and oxidative stress due to elevated CSF (cerebrospinal fluid) levels in the nervous system of elderly. An extensive research was conducted on a specified sample size of smokers and non smokers. The cerebral OxS (oxidative stress) is the process that helps in identifying the damage caused to the brain tissue; cigarette smoke contains high levels of antioxidants like Glutathione; dangerous to the nervous system.
The research compared the difference in CSF levels in smokers and non smokers. The clinical and demographic factors in both the groups were almost similar to rule out any discrepancies in the sample. “Smoker’s possessed higher levels of iPF-III and iso-iPF-VI levels with increasing age than non smokers”. PET and MRI tests revealed the progression of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in the smokers. The statistical analyses was divided into two phases, primary and secondary analysis; the isoprotane level in the smokers was found to be higher in comparison to the non smokers. The brain morphology was adversely affected by increased smoke exposure and age. The results clearly show that smoking increases the chances of brain damage with increasing age even after the smoker has left smoking.
The study was not without its limitations; the sample size of smokers was aware of the associated smoking hazards and had limited their smoking in accordance with the danger mark listed. The research reveals that the harmful side effects of smoking are not only limited to the lungs.

References

John Q. Trojanowski, Leslie M. Shaw. Michael W. Weiner, Magdalena.Korecka Niklas Mattsson .Timothy C. Durazzo. “Drug and Alcohol Dependence.” (July 3, 2014). Retrieved from
www.e lsevier.com/locate/drugalcdep