1. B. Define, compare and contrast formative and summative evaluations.
Formative evaluation refers to an evaluation that occurs during or before the implementation of a project. A formative evaluation is undertaken so as to improve the design and projected performance of the project. A formative evaluation serves to enable the project executors understand why a particular program will work and why another one will fail to work, and what external and internal factors will affect the working of a particular project (McDavid et al, 2006). Formative evaluation finds use in projects that are still in the pilot stage and
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