Free Essays on Validity to Get Inspired & Learn by Example

1. B. Define, compare and contrast formative and summative evaluations.
Formative evaluation refers to an evaluation that occurs during or before the implementation of a project. A formative evaluation is undertaken so as to improve the design and projected performance of the project. A formative evaluation serves to enable the project executors understand why a particular program will work and why another one will fail to work, and what external and internal factors will affect the working of a particular project (McDavid et al, 2006). Formative evaluation finds use in projects that are still in the pilot stage and Continue reading...

Introduction

Quantitative studies often involve the manipulation or measurement of variables. A variable refers to an entity that takes on different values. Variables may be defined in various ways. For example, independent variables are manipulated by the environment and influence the dependent variable (Johnson, n.d). In contrast, researchers measure dependent variables but do not manipulate them. In the proposed study, the independent variable is the group of cancer patients while the dependent variable is the depressive symptoms that affect the patients. The BDI-FS measurement tool will analyze the dependent variable in the present study.
Sechrest (2005) has observed that the Continue reading...

Putting Corruption Measuring Tools into Perspective

Arguments revolving around the quality and the effectiveness of measuring corruption may convince one that it is quite hard and even impossible to measure corruption. They all argue that the science of measuring corruption is simply just an art and is not based on empirical process. From a variety of quarters, there have been efforts to try and challenge the validity of traditional tools and postulate new techniques that are improved. Is it really possible for one to measure corruption? And if that is possible then how can one do it. This article argues that it is possible to Continue reading...

Introduction

Choosing a suitable research design is crucial for enhancing research success. That is in consideration of the research topic and question as well as the participants involved. Thus, a suitable design is necessary for identifying the appropriate data collection, analysis criteria as well as the sampling techniques. In that view, the report presents a methodology for analyzing marketing managers role conflicts within organizational cultures and different market orientation. The methodology outlines the study’s objectives and the research question. It also explains the research design and the data collection, as well as sampling techniques, involved. Further, the analysis method Continue reading...

Introduction

There are different assessment tools which play one basic role in psychology. This special role is basically to identify, analyze, and address the issues, circumstances or problems that a psychological client may be having. Assessment is not only critical to diagnosing clients, but is also important in spotting the root courses of problems in one’s life, planning and developing measures to curb these problems (Flowers, 1990, p. 207). Despite being an important tool, it should never be used as a means to an end for example in offering label to clients. However, it should be used identify statements Continue reading...

Introduction

Hip dislocation injury is the displacement of the head of the thighbone from its socket from the pelvis (Martinoli, et. al., 2012). This displacement occurs when a lot of pressure impacts the site, which could be from accidents and falls. According to Khanna, Harris, Farrojhyar, Choudur & Wong (2014), older people are more predisposed to this condition compared to the younger people, although the condition is as prevalent among the older as it is among the younger adults. Adults may have to sustain a large amount of trauma for a hip dislocation to occur, although children may suffer from the Continue reading...

Methodology

Research approach and design
A quantitative approach was used. Quantitative research was defined by Burns and Grove as an objective, formal, and systematic processes to test and describe the relationship and examine effects, as well as causes among variables’ interaction. Explanatory and descriptive research survey may be used, but a descriptive survey method was applied for this survey as I is suitable for describing populations that are large to observe directly. Information from a sample of people is obtained by a survey through a mean of self-report, that is, an investigator poses a series of questions that are responded Continue reading...

Research study critique

Introduction
Body/development
Implications
Conclusion
Abstract
This research study critique embraces a thorough examination of pertinent elements of research practices. It examines reliability issues, literature search, methodology – design –tools; sample –ethics, hypothesis, external and internal validity, main results, strengths and limitations; discussions and recommendations and conclusion arrived at also references used to support the study. Importantly, this critique will be influenced by further research conducted by the author in evaluating the legitimacy of this study.

Nursing: Hypothermia does not increase the risk of infection: a case control study -

Research study critique
Introduction
This document relates a research study critique pertaining to hypothermia. The contention of researchers in this study is that while hyperthermia Continue reading...

A psychological test can be defined as a measure of an individual’s observable behaviour. In that case, during a psychological test, an individual is asked to perform specific standard tasks where the performance is observed, measured and analysed and a report is issued based on the outcomes. Thus, psychological testing can be described as the process of administering a psychological test and is usually done by a qualified psychologist (Wright, 2010).
Psychological tests are grouped into five major categories. These categories include: Neuropsychological evaluations, Intelligence assessments, Personality tests, Attitude tests and Achievement tests. There are various tests that Continue reading...

Introduction

System development is a significant procedure that enables an entity to have ways in which they will be able to enhance the development of the system. Software engineering requires that the system be analyzed and assessed so that it will be possible to have a system that will meet the requirements of the users. In this paper, the development of a system that will enable Professional and Scientific Staff Management (PSSM) to manage their request procedures. It will help the company in the management of the processes and procedures that are desired in the whole process of staff management. Continue reading...